Penn team builds hybrid light-matter particles to accelerate AI chips
University of Pennsylvania physicists coupled photons with excitons inside a 2D perovskite layer to form polaritons. The resulting waveguide device performed matrix multiplications at 200 femtojoules per operation versus 20 picojoules on a conventional TPU, a 100-fold efficiency gain. Experiments used a 780-nanometer laser, a custom GaAs microcavity, and standard CMOS readout electronics.
You reconsider whether electrons must carry every bit of data. Optical interconnects and analog matrix operations become practical once you measure energy per MAC instead of FLOPS alone. This shifts your hardware roadmap from buying more GPUs to testing co-packaged optics.
Penn's Quantum Engineering Lab fabricated working polariton gates and measured 0.2 picojoule per MAC on a 64-by-64 array; the group has licensed the design to a Pennsylvania-based photonics startup now raising Series A funding.
Step 1: Request the open PDK files from Penn's lab site and import the polariton gate layout into your photonic design tool. Step 2: Run an Lumerical FDTD simulation with the supplied 780 nm source and record energy per multiplication. Step 3: Compare results to your electronic baseline; expect two orders of magnitude lower joules. URL: https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~qelab/polariton-pdk